Viking tunic & medieval tunic
The Viking tunic and medieval tunic are among the most versatile items of historical clothing – from early medieval Viking warriors to high medieval townspeople, the tunic was the central piece of men’s attire. Whether for re-enactment, LARP, the next medieval market or as an authentic costume: here you’ll find over 200 styles in wool, cotton and linen – from simple under-tunics to embroidered outer tunics.
What is a Viking tunic – and how does it differ from a medieval shirt?
In a historical context, the term ‘tunic’ refers to a predominantly knee-length or hip-length top without a button placket, which is pulled over the head. In the early Middle Ages, men wore this garment directly against the skin or over a lighter under-tunic. The medieval shirt, by contrast, is a more modern term often used for the under-tunic or lighter base layer – the distinction between the two terms is fluid in German usage.
The Viking tunic (c. 8th–11th century) was typically made of wool or linen, with long sleeves and a simple, straight-cut body. In Old Norse, it was simply referred to as kyrtill (Kyrtel) – a word that could denote both the outer and the undergarment. The question “What are Viking shirts called?” can therefore be answered as follows: historically speaking, the correct terms are tunic, kyrtel or simply shirt – all three terms are in use and essentially refer to the same garment.
In the High Middle Ages (11th–13th centuries), the styles evolved further: tunics became more figure-hugging, and decorative embroidery on the collar, sleeve hem and hemline came to the fore. In the Late Middle Ages, doublets and tabards increasingly took over the role of the outer tunic. For Viking attire, the early medieval T-shaped tunic with gussets remains the historically attested basic form.
The complete Viking outfit: the right combination for the tunic
The tunic forms the centrepiece of any Viking or medieval outfit – but it is only when combined with the right accessories that a harmonious overall look is achieved. A Viking or medieval belt is recommended as an immediate addition: it cinches the often loose-fitting tunic, gives it shape and simultaneously serves as a holder for bags, pouches or a drinking horn holder. It is historically documented that Vikings attached practically everything they used in daily life to their belts.
These include medieval trousers or leggings as part of the basic outfit – close-fitting woolen leggings correspond particularly well to the early medieval model. For colder seasons or camp events, the layering system proves its worth: a light under-tunic as a base layer, with the heavier woollen tunic over it. Capes and cloaks for men complete the ensemble at the top and are fastened at the shoulder or chest with brooches or cloak fasteners.
Belt pouches and bags can be attached to the belt, which are indispensable for everyday life at the camp. For warrior portrayals, a Viking knife or an axe completes the image of an authentic Norse warrior – together with matching Viking footwear, the outfit is complete.
Types of tunic: short tunic, under-tunic and woollen tunic at a glance
Short tunic
The short tunic – e.g. Erik or Aegir – is the all-rounder for medieval markets, LARP and re-enactment. Made from coarse-woven cotton, it combines durability with comfort. Available in short-sleeved and long-sleeved versions, in grey, green, brown and black. Sizes S to XXXXL – check the measurements for each product.
Undertunic
Models such as Snorri, Lofar and Leif, made from 100% cotton, are ideal as an undershirt beneath a woollen tunic or on their own in summer. From approx. €18–29, the most affordable way to start with historical costume. Particularly practical for long days at the camp, as they are lightweight and washable. Short-sleeved and long-sleeved versions available.
Wool tunic
The Lodin woollen tunic is the flagship choice for re-enactment and cold-weather events. Heavy woollen fabric, long-sleeved, in historical colours such as burgundy, grey, green, blue and brown. Keeps you warm and develops a beautiful patina over time. The first choice for re-enactments from the 9th century onwards. Also suitable for women (unisex cut).
Colours and cuts: historically documented or modern interpretations?
Archaeological finds – particularly from the Haithabu excavation site – show that Vikings dyed their tunics with plant dyes in grey, brown, green and various earth tones. Dye plants such as woad (yellow), woad (blue) and madder (red) were known, though varying in the complexity of their processing. Blue and black were considered status colours – rare and expensive, as indigo had to be sourced from distant trade routes. Today, these very colours are available in our range, for example the Lodin woollen tunic in blue or the Erik short tunic in black.
The cuts of the early medieval tunic are based on the so-called basic T-tunic form: a rectangular main panel, supplemented by gussets at the sides and under the arms to ensure freedom of movement. Only a few textile fragments have survived intact; the reconstruction is based on grave finds, pictorial sources and textile analysis. The question “What did the Vikings wear?” can be answered succinctly: a tunic, trousers, a belt and a cloak formed the basic outfit – supplemented by brooches, jewellery and, for warriors, weapons and armour.
A particular highlight of the range is the Tyr herringbone tunic: the typical herringbone weave pattern is archaeologically attested in Northern European finds and gives the tunic a distinctive, authentic texture – a fine example of how historical knowledge can be incorporated into modern products.
Which tunic is right for whom? Beginners, re-enactment and LARP
The Leif, Snorri or Lofar under-tunic, made from 100% cotton, is the simplest way to get started: affordable, easy to care for and wearable as a base layer under any outer tunic. Ideal for your first visit to a medieval market, carnival or as a costume base. Pair it with simple medieval trousers and a belt for an instantly authentic outfit.
The Erik or Aegir short tunic, made from sturdy cotton fabric, is the workhorse for LARP players and regular market visitors. Durable, available in many colours and versatile when paired with a tabard or doublet. Burgschneider supplies the majority of the range with 173 items – reliable quality in the mid-price segment.
The Lodin wool tunic is aimed at experienced re-enactors who value historically accurate portrayals. Heavy wool fabric, authentic colours, unisex fit. Complete the look with Viking trousers, leg wraps and a historical belt for a full early medieval outfit. The Tyr herringbone tunic (wool/polyester) offers a good compromise between appearance and durability.
Care and durability: How to keep your tunic looking good for longer
Cotton and linen can be washed in the washing machine at 30–40 °C without any problems. You should avoid tumble drying on a high heat – both can cause shrinkage, particularly with densely woven fabrics. Hanging to air dry is the gentlest method.
Wool requires a little more care: use a gentle cycle or hand wash at a maximum of 30°C; never spin-dry on a high heat. After washing, lay wool garments flat to dry – hanging them up causes the fabric to warp under its own weight. Airing them briefly outdoors between washes significantly extends the time between care cycles.
For blended fabrics such as the Herringbone Tunic Tyr (60% wool, 37% polyester, 3% nylon), always follow the sewn-in care label as a binding guideline – blended fibres often react differently to pure wool. As a general rule: check the care label first before washing a new item for the first time. For storage, a dry, dark place is recommended; do not store items compressed to prevent the fabric from developing permanent creases.
Materials compared: wool, linen and cotton
The historical originals from the Viking Age were made exclusively of wool and linen – cotton was not available in Northern Europe until the late Middle Ages and would have been an unknown material to a 9th-century Viking. For modern reproductions, however, cotton is a sensible alternative: it is cheaper, easy to care for and looks very similar to the originals.
| Material | Historical suitability | Properties | Typical models |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wool | Historically documented | Warm, moisture-regulating, robust, requires more care | Loden, Tyr (blend) |
| Linen | Historically documented | Lightweight, breathable, cooling, creases easily | Historical variations of the undertunic |
| Cotton | Modern alternative | Easy to care for, affordable, soft, attractive | Erik, Aegir, Snorri, Lofar, Leif |
| Wool/polyester | A compromise | More dimensionally stable than pure wool, hard-wearing, authentic look | Herringbone Tunic Tyr |
The Lodin wool tunic is a prime example of a heavy wool fabric suitable for re-enactment – it fits well, keeps you warm and has a natural look. The Snorri, Lofar and Leif under-tunics, made from 100% cotton, are the straightforward, everyday choice. Those seeking to combine authenticity with enhanced durability will find the herringbone Tyr tunic’s blended fabric a practical compromise.
With over 200 styles, ranging from simple under-tunics to heavy woollen tunics, you’ll find the perfect piece here for every re-enactment and every budget – choose your favourite style and complete your outfit with matching trousers, belts and shoes.
Frequently asked questions
In Old Norse, the garment was known as a kyrtill (kyrtel) – a term that encompassed both outer and undergarments. In German usage, the terms tunic, Viking shirt and Viking tunic are all common and essentially refer to the same knee-length or hip-length top without a button placket. Historically speaking, the term tunic or Kyrtel is the most accurate.
A Viking’s basic outfit consisted of a long tunic, tight trousers or leggings, a belt and a woollen cloak or cape. This was complemented by leather shoes, brooches to fasten the cloak and various accessories on the belt such as knives, pouches and drinking horns. Wool and linen were the most important materials – in varying qualities and colours depending on social status and occasion.
The short tunic (e.g. Erik or Aegir) is a sturdy top made of heavy cotton fabric and is worn directly as a visible garment – hip to thigh length, available in many colours. The under-tunic (e.g. Snorri, Lofar, Leif) is made of lighter cotton fabric and serves as a base layer under the outer tunic or as a light summer garment. It is more affordable and is particularly suitable for beginners.
For historically convincing re-enactments, the Lodin woollen tunic is the first choice: heavy woollen fabric, authentic colours (grey, green, burgundy, blue, brown) and a cut true to the Early Middle Ages make it the centrepiece of a harmonious costume. For an authentic layering system, combine it with a light cotton under-tunic as an undergarment. The Tyr herringbone tunic, with its archaeologically attested weave pattern, is another option for discerning re-enactments.
Most tunics in the range are available in sizes S to XXXXL, with some models also available up to XXXL. As the fit can vary depending on the model and manufacturer, we recommend checking the size chart in the relevant product details. For historical reasons, tunics are usually cut quite loosely – a belt helps to adjust the tunic to your individual body shape.